Function classification of CNC system

CNC milling machines can be divided into economical CNC milling machines, full-featured CNC milling machines and high-speed milling CNC milling machines.

• Economical CNC milling machine

Generally, an economical numerical control system is used, the feed adopts a stepper motor, and the position is open-loop control. If Siemens 8025 and other systems are used, open-loop control can realize three-axis linkage. This kind of milling machine has low cost, simple function and low machining accuracy. , suitable for the processing of general complex parts. Generally, there are two types of table lift type and bed type.

• Full function CNC milling machine

Using a full-function CNC system, using semi-closed loop or fully closed-loop position control, the CNC system has rich functions, generally can achieve linkage of more than four coordinates, has strong processing applicability, and is the most widely used.

• High-speed milling CNC milling machine

High-speed milling is a development direction of CNC machining. The technology is relatively mature and has gradually been widely used. This kind of CNC milling machine adopts a new machine tool structure, functional components and powerful CNC system and is equipped with a cutting tool system with excellent processing performance. The spindle speed is generally 8000~40000r/min during processing, and the cutting feed rate can reach 10~30m/ min, can carry out high-efficiency and high-quality processing of large-area curved surfaces. But this machine tool is expensive and the use cost is high.

Classification according to the layout of the machine tool spindle and the layout characteristics of the machine tool

CNC milling machines can be divided into CNC vertical milling machines, CNC horizontal milling machines and CNC gantry milling machines.

• Vertical CNC milling machine

Vertical CNC milling machine is one of the most numerous CNC milling machines and has the widest range of applications. The movement in the X, Y, and Z directions of the small CNC milling machine is generally completed by the worktable; the main movement is completed by the main shaft, which is similar to the ordinary vertical lift table milling machine. The longitudinal and lateral movement of medium-sized CNC vertical milling is generally completed by the worktable, and the worktable can also be lifted manually. In addition to completing the main movement, the main shaft can also be extended and retracted in the vertical direction.

• Horizontal CNC milling machine

Horizontal CNC milling machine and general horizontal milling machine alternate. The axis of its main shaft is parallel to the horizontal plane. In order to expand the processing range and expand functions, horizontal CNC milling machines usually use CNC turntables or incompetent turntables to achieve four-coordinate and five-coordinate processing. In this way, not only the continuous rotary contour on the side of the workpiece can be processed, but also a clamping can be realized. The turntable changes the station and performs "tetrahedron processing". In particular, the universal CNC turntable can place the processing surfaces of various angles or spatial angles on the workpiece into horizontal processing. In this way, many special fixtures or special angle forming milling cutters can be omitted. For box-type parts or parts that need to be changed in one clamping, it is very suitable to choose a horizontal CNC milling machine with a CNC turntable for processing.

Since the horizontal CNC milling machine can easily perform "four-sided machining" on the machined parts after adding the CNC turntable, it is better than the vertical CNC milling machine with the CNC turntable in many aspects, so it has been paid attention by many users.

Conclusion

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